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Wealthy nations must step up support for Africa and vulnerable countries in addressing past, present and future impacts of climate change The 2022 report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) paints a dark picture of the future of life on earth, characterised by ecosystem collapse, species extinction, and climate hazards such as heatwaves and floods (1). These are all linked to physical and mental health problems, with direct and indirect consequences of increased morbidity and mortality. To avoid these catastrophic health effects across all regions of the globe, there is broad agreementas 231 health journals argued together in 2021that the rise in global temperature must be limited to less than 1.5oC compared with pre-industrial levels.
El informe de 2022 del Panel Intergubernamental sobre el Cambio Climático (IPCC por sus siglas en inglés) pinta un panorama sombrío del futuro de la vida en la tierra, caracterizado por el colapso de los ecosistemas, la extinción de (1)especies y los peligros climáticos como olas de calor e inundaciones. Todos ellos están vinculados a problemas de salud física y mental, con consecuencias directas e indirectas de aumento de la morbilidad y mortalidad. Para evitar estos efectos catastrócos para la salud en todas las regiones del mundo, existe un amplio acuerdo, como argumentaron 231 revistas de salud juntas en 2021, en que el aumento de la temperatura global debe limitarse a menos de 1,5 °C en comparación con los niveles preindustriales
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The International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) believes that there is an ethical obligation to responsibly share data generated by interventional clinical trials because participants have put themselves at risk. In a growing consensus, many funders around the world—foundations, government agencies, and industry—now mandate data sharing. Here we outline ICMJE’s proposed requirements to help meet this obligation.We encourage feedback on the proposed requirements. Anyone can provide feedback at www.icmje.org by 18 April 2016. The ICMJE defines a clinical trial as any research project that prospectively assigns people or a group of people to an intervention, with or without concurrent comparison or control groups, to study the cause-and-effect relationship between a health-related intervention and a health outcome.Further details may be found in the Recommendations for the Conduct, Reporting, Editing and Publication of Scholarly Work in Medical Journals at www.icmje.org. As a condition of consideration for publication of a clinical trial report in our member journals, the ICMJE proposes to require authors to share with others the deidentified individual-patient data (IPD) underlying the results presented in the article (including tables, figures, and appendices or supplementary material) no later than 6 months after publication. The data underlying the results are defined as the IPD required to reproduce the article’s findings, including necessary metadata. This requirement will go into effect for clinical trials that begin to enroll participants beginning 1 year after the ICMJE adopts its data-sharing requirements.* Enabling responsible data sharing is a major endeavour that will affect the fabric of how clinical trials are planned and conducted and how their data are used. By changing the requirements of the manuscripts we will consider for publication in our journals, editors can help foster this endeavour. As editors, our direct influence is logically, and practically, limited to those data underpinning the results and analyses we publish in our journals.
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El Comité Internacional de Editores de Revistas Médicas (ICMJE) considera que es una obligación ética compartir responsablemente los datos generados por ensayos clínicos, porque los participantes se han sometido a un riesgo particular. En un consenso creciente, muchos patrocinadores en el mundo -Fundaciones, Agencias Gubernamentales y la industria proveedora en salud- ya exigen compartir los datos. Por este motivo, en esta Editorial, que será publicada simultáneamente en enero de 2016 por las revistas que a la fecha integran el ICMJE, dicho Comité propone requerir a los autores de ensayos clínicos que compartan con otros los datos individuales, anónimos, que generaron los resultados que se presentan en el manuscrito enviado a publicación (incluyendo Tablas, Figuras y anexos o material suplementario) en un plazo menor a seis meses después de su publicación. Se define como datos que generaron los resultados a los datos individuales de cada paciente (anónimos) que se requieren para reproducir los hallazgos que muestra el manuscrito, incluyendo sus metadatos. Este requisito será aplicado a los ensayos clínicos que comiencen a reclutar pacientes desde un año después que el ICMJE adopte como requisito compartir los datos, lo que ocurrirá después de considerar el feedback que se reciba al difundir esta Editorial. El documento original, que se reproduce a continuación, reitera la definición de ensayo clínico y explicita la forma y condiciones que propone para cumplir con este requisito.
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Humanos , Publicações Periódicas como Assunto/normas , Ensaios Clínicos como Assunto , Disseminação de Informação/ética , Políticas Editoriais , Cooperação InternacionalRESUMO
Background: Malaria morbidity and mortality reduction in children greatly depends on caregivers' knowledge about childhood malaria. Objective: The objective of the study was to assess caregivers' knowledge about malaria in Gilgel Gibe Field Research Center; Southwest Ethiopia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from November to December 2005. A Sample of 588 households having children between the ages of 2-59 months were randomly selected from urban; semi-urban and rural strata proportional to their size. Caregivers of the children were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. Findings: Of 572 interviewed caregivers; most of them (70.1) spontaneously mentioned mosquitoes as the cause of malaria in children while half of them (51.9) had non-biomedical perceptions as causes of the disease. Among the symptoms of malaria in children; fever was mentioned spontaneously by most (86.2) of the caregivers. The three most commonly perceived preventive measures of malaria for children were cleaning the surrounding (43.7); keeping personal hygiene (35.7); and mosquito net usage (35). Urban or semi-urban residence; lower income and having formal education were found to be associated with good knowledge about childhood malaria. Conclusion: This study identified misperceptions regarding the cause and low level of awareness about childhood malaria among caregivers. These issues need to be addressed through tailored health promotion activities to prevent and control childhood malaria